Wind Damage on Roof to Claim Insurance: A 25-Year Roofer's Complete Guide
My name is James, and I've been installing and repairing roofs across Texas for over twenty-five years. I've personally supervised more than three thousand roofing projects. I hold certifications from GAF, CertainTeed, and Owens Corning. I've seen every type of wind damage imaginable. This article exists because I've watched too many homeowners struggle with insurance claims after a storm. They feel confused and overwhelmed. My goal is to give you the clear, honest information you need. I want you to feel confident and prepared. This guide will help you protect your home and your wallet.
The information here comes directly from my experience on job sites. It combines knowledge from working with thousands of customers, studying manufacturer specifications, and understanding local building codes. I will explain the methodology behind every recommendation. This is not just theory. This is practical advice from the roof down. You will learn how to spot damage, document it properly, and work effectively with your insurance company. Let's get started.
Understanding Wind Damage: What Insurance Companies Look For
Wind damage is not always obvious. Insurance adjusters need clear evidence of sudden, accidental damage. They look for specific signs caused by wind force. Understanding these signs helps you build a strong claim. Wind can cause two main types of damage: uplift and impact. Uplift happens when wind gets under roofing materials and lifts them. Impact damage occurs when wind throws debris onto your roof.
Common Signs of Wind Damage on Asphalt Shingles
Asphalt shingles are the most common roofing material. Wind affects them in distinct ways. Look for creasing or tearing. This happens when wind lifts a shingle and it bends back and forth. The asphalt coating cracks along the bend. Look for missing shingles entirely. Check for lifted or curled shingle tabs. The adhesive strips underneath may have failed. Granule loss in specific patterns can also indicate wind scour. Always check in the direction opposite the prevailing wind, as damage often starts there.
Damage to Other Roofing Materials
Metal roofs can show oil-canning (waviness) or lifted seams. Tile roofs may have cracked or completely dislodged tiles. Wood shakes can split or tear away. Flat roofs (TPO, EPDM) can experience membrane tearing at the edges or seams. Each material fails differently. The National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA) provides detailed guides on material performance. Knowing your roof type is the first step.
The Step-by-Step Process to File Your Insurance Claim
Do not panic after a storm. Follow a systematic process. This protects you and your property. Rushing can lead to mistakes. Insurance companies have specific procedures. Following them makes everything smoother.
Step 1: Immediate Safety and Temporary Protection
Your safety comes first. Do not go on your roof if it is wet, windy, or damaged. Look for visible damage from the ground with binoculars. If you see a major leak, place buckets inside. You can use a tarp to cover holes from the inside attic if it is safe. Contact a professional roofer for emergency tarping. Most insurance policies will cover reasonable temporary repair costs. Keep all receipts.
Step 2: Document Everything Thoroughly
Documentation is your most powerful tool. Take clear photographs and videos from the ground. Zoom in on specific damaged areas. Take wide shots showing the whole roof. Photograph any debris in your yard. Note the date and time of the storm. Write down your observations. If possible, have your roofing contractor provide a detailed inspection report with photos. This professional documentation carries significant weight.
Step 3: Contact Your Insurance Company
Call your insurance agent or company's claims line. Report the damage promptly. Delays can complicate your claim. Provide your policy number and a simple description. Do not speculate on the cause. Just state the facts: "High winds during last night's storm caused visible damage to my roof." They will assign you a claim number and an adjuster. Write down the adjuster's name and contact information.
Step 4: The Insurance Adjuster's Inspection
The insurance adjuster will inspect your property. It is highly beneficial to have your own roofing contractor present. The contractor can point out damage the adjuster might miss. They can explain the necessary repairs from a technical standpoint. Be polite but firm. Ensure the adjuster sees all the documented damage. Ask questions if you do not understand something.
Deciphering Your Insurance Estimate and Scope of Work
The adjuster will provide an estimate, often called a scope of loss. This document lists the repairs and the insurance company's calculated cost. It uses software like Xactimate. This estimate is not a final bill. It is the insurance company's offer to pay for repairs. It is almost always lower than what a quality contractor will charge.
Line Items and Depreciation
The estimate will have many line items. It includes materials (shingles, underlayment, nails) and labor (removal, installation, cleanup). It will also include something called Recoverable Depreciation (RCV) vs. Actual Cash Value (ACV). ACV is the cost minus depreciation for the age of your roof. RCV is the full cost to repair. Most policies start by paying the ACV. They release the depreciation after you complete the repairs and submit the final invoice.
Working with Your Roofing Contractor on the Estimate
Share the insurance scope with your chosen contractor. A reputable roofer will prepare a detailed estimate that matches the scope. They may identify missing items. For example, the insurance estimate might not include code upgrades required by your local building department. International Residential Code (IRC) updates may mandate ice and water shield in valleys or different nailing patterns. Your contractor can submit a supplement to the insurance company for these necessary items.
Choosing the Right Roofing Contractor for an Insurance Job
This is the most critical decision you will make. Storm chasers flock to areas after severe weather. They often provide poor workmanship and disappear. You need a local, established, and reputable company.
Red Flags and Green Flags
Red flags include door-to-door solicitation, high-pressure sales tactics, requests for large upfront payments, and out-of-state license plates. They may offer to pay your deductible, which is illegal insurance fraud in most states. Green flags include a local physical address, positive online reviews, proper licensing and insurance, and manufacturer certifications. Ask for proof of liability insurance and workers' compensation.
The Importance of Manufacturer Certifications
Certifications from major manufacturers like GAF, CertainTeed, or Owens Corning are crucial. These programs train contractors on proper installation methods. They often offer enhanced warranties that protect you, the homeowner. A certified installer is more likely to do the job correctly the first time.
Real Project Case Studies: What Actually Happens
Let me share two real examples from my company's files. These show the typical process and outcomes.
Case Study 1: The Partial Repair Denial
A homeowner had a 12-year-old asphalt shingle roof. A windstorm lifted and creased shingles on the north and west slopes. The insurance adjuster initially approved only a repair of those slopes. We argued that matching the color and style of the existing shingles was impossible due to age and sun fading. We provided the manufacturer's official matching disclaimer. The insurance company eventually approved a full roof replacement. Outcome: Full replacement approved after contractor advocacy.
Case Study 2: The Hidden Decking Damage
After a hailstorm with high winds, the insurance estimate was for shingle replacement only. During our tear-off, we discovered rotten wood decking in several areas where the old underlayment had failed. We immediately photographed it and paused work. We contacted the adjuster, who came back out. They approved the additional cost to replace all damaged decking. Outcome: Supplement for decking approved, preventing future structural issues.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Will filing a claim raise my insurance rates?
It might, but not always. A single wind damage claim is often considered an "act of God" event. Your rates are more likely to increase if you file multiple claims in a short period. You should always file a legitimate claim for significant damage. That is what insurance is for. Discuss the potential impact with your agent.
What if my claim is denied?
Do not accept the first denial as final. Ask for a detailed explanation in writing. You have the right to request a re-inspection with your contractor present. You can also hire a public adjuster to represent you. As a last resort, you can file a complaint with your state's department of insurance.
Can I keep the insurance money and not repair the roof?
Technically, the money is yours. However, it is issued to repair specific damage. If you do not repair it, you have damaged property. Future claims for leaks or related issues may be denied. Your mortgage company may also require the repair to protect their collateral.
How long does the entire process take?
From claim filing to completed repair typically takes 4 to 8 weeks. The timeline depends on the severity of the storm, insurance company workload, contractor availability, and material supply chains. Major regional storms can cause delays of several months.
What is a "roofing contingency contract"?
This is a contract that makes the roofer's work contingent on insurance approval. It protects you. You only owe money if the insurance company approves and pays the claim. Never sign a contract that obligates you to pay regardless of insurance approval.
Who handles the permit?
Your roofing contractor should always pull the required building permit. This is a sign of a legitimate operation. The permit ensures the work is inspected by the city or county for code compliance. Do not work with a contractor who suggests skipping permits.
Industry Statistics and Data
According to the Insurance Information Institute, wind and hail damage account for over one-third of all homeowners insurance claims. The average wind/hail claim payment is over $11,000. A study by the NRCA found that improper installation is a leading cause of wind-related failures, highlighting the need for certified professionals. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) recommends regular roof inspections to mitigate storm damage.
Practical Homeowner Tips from the Field
- Know your policy details before a storm. Understand your deductible and coverage limits.
- Perform seasonal maintenance. Keep trees trimmed and gutters clean.
- Take "before" photos of your roof when it is in good condition. This provides a baseline.
- Get a professional roof inspection every 2-3 years, or after any major storm.
- Never sign an assignment of benefits (AOB) form. This transfers your claim rights to the contractor.
- Communicate with your insurance company in writing (email) when possible to create a record.
- Be patient but persistent. The insurance process requires follow-up.
Conclusion: Your Path Forward
Dealing with wind damage and insurance is stressful. But with the right knowledge, you can navigate it successfully. Remember the key steps: ensure safety, document thoroughly, report promptly, involve a reputable local contractor, and understand your estimate. Your roof is your home's first line of defense. A proper repair restores that protection and your peace of mind.
Do not let the process intimidate you. Use this guide as your reference. Ask questions. Seek multiple opinions. Your goal is a safe, dry, and well-protected home for years to come. If you are in the Kingwood area and have questions, feel free to reach out to local certified professionals. Stay safe, and protect your investment.